Gummi candy, gummy candy, gummies, or jelly sweets are a
broad category of gelatin-based, chewy candy.
Gelatin is a mixture of peptides and proteins produced by
partial hydrolysis of collagen extracted from the skin, boiled crushed horn,
hoof and bones, connective tissues, organs and some intestines of animals such
as domesticated cattle, chicken, pigs, and horses. Food-grade gelatin is
produced mainly from two raw materials, beef skin and pig hide.
Gelatin melts to a liquid when heated and solidifies when
cooled again. Together with water, it forms a semi-solid colloid gel.
On a commercial scale, gelatin is made from by-products
of the meat and leather industry. Recently, fish by-products have also been
considered. Gelatin is derived from pork skins, pork, horses, and cattle bones,
or split cattle hides.
Gelatin can also be prepared in the home. Boiling certain
cartilaginous cuts of meat or bones will result in gelatin being dissolved into
the water. Depending on the concentration, the resulting stock (when cooled)
will naturally form a jelly or gel.
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